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    Wednesday 10 February 2010

    Cardiovascular Embryology : Video + Q&A

    | 2 Comments
    Cardiovascular Embryology
    Credit:
    http://www.indiana.edu/~anat550/cvanim/index.html

    Don't like waiting the video to buffer?
    Simply download it here.
    http://www.mediafire.com/?zwtmgzkumhm
    Contents: All these video + Q&A from the above website (indiana.edu) + MPC installer
    Size: 18.3 mb (compressed, make sure extract it after downloading)
    The video should be opened with MediaPlayerClassic (MPC). The installer for MPC are included.

    Questions and answer located below all this video. Scroll down to see the Q&A.


    Early Heart and Primitive Heart Tube Folding





    Overview of Heart Tube Folding and Early Heartbeat





    Interatrial Septum Development





    Division of the Atrioventricular Canal





    Development of Aorta, Pulmonary Trunk, and Interventricular Septum



    The others are in the .swf format. So, i cant upload it here. Just click link below to view the flash.

    Fetal Circulation System

    Pericardium Development

    Aortic arch vessels


    Early Heart and Primitive Heart Tube Folding

    1. The right ventricle of the heart is formed primarily from which embryonic structure?
    a. Primitive ventricle
    b. Primitive atrium
    c. Bulbus cordis
    d. Sinus venosus

    2. The folding of the heart tube takes place during which week of development?
    a. 3rd
    b. 4th
    c. 5th
    d. 8th

    3. Which statement is CORRECT about heart tube folding?
    a. The bulbus cordis moves inferiorly, posteriorly, and to the embryo's right side
    b. The primitive ventricle moves to the embryo's right side
    c. The sinus venosus moves superiorly and anteriorly
    d. The primitive atrium moves superiorly and posteriorly

    4. The heart starts to beat by day:
    a. 19
    b. 22
    c. 26
    d. 28

    Answer:
    1. The right ventricle of the heart is formed primarily from which embryonic structure?
    c. Bulbus cordis
    2. The folding of the heart tube takes place during which week of development?
    b. 4th week
    3. Which statement is CORRECT about heart tube folding?
    d. The primitive atrium moves superiorly and posteriorly.
    4. The heart starts beating by day:
    b. 22



    Interatrial Septum Development

    1. Which statement is TRUE about the prenatal heart?
    a. In the developing fetus, blood is shunted from the left atrium to the right atrium.
    b. The fetus has greater pulmonary arterial pressure than the newborn.
    c. The interatrial septum forms a solid, fused wall between left and right atrium by 8 weeks of development.
    d. The prenatal left atrium is the first heart chamber to receive oxygenated blood.

    2. The septum primum first forms by:
    a. The end of the 2nd week of development
    b. The end of the 3rd week of development
    c. The end of the 4th week of development
    d. The end of the 5th week of development

    3. Which statement is TRUE about interatrial septum development?
    a. The foramen (ostium) secundum is an opening in the septum secundum.
    b. The septum primum is thick and muscular, compared to the thin and membranous septum secundum.
    c. The foramen secundum is also known as the foramen ovale.
    d. The foramen (ostium) primum disappears when the septum primum and endocardial cushions fuse.

    4. Where is the foramen ovale located?
    a. On the posterior-inferior surface of the septum secundum.
    b. On the superior surface of the septum primum.
    c. On the inferior surface of the septum primum.
    d. On the superior aspect of the endocardial cushions.

    5. What is the valve of the foramen ovale?
    a. A portion of the septum secundum
    b. The superior portion of the fused endocardial cushions
    c. The septum primum
    d. A thick flap of tissue located in the right atrium that covers the foramen ovale

    6. Which two structures fuse to form a solid interatrial septum?
    a. Septum primum and the valve of the foramen ovale
    b. Septum primum and the endocardial cushions
    c. Septum secundum and the valve of the foramen ovale
    d. Septum secundum and the endocardial cushions

    7. When a baby is born and takes its first breath, what changes occur to prevent further blood shunting between the atria?
    a. The components of the interatrial septum fuse immediately after birth
    b. Blood in the left atrium pushes the valve of the foramen ovale against the septum secundum, functionally closing off the foramen ovale.
    c. Pressure continues to be greater on the right side of the heart versus the left side, preventing further blood shunting.
    d. All of the above.

    Answer:

    1. Which statement is TRUE about the prenatal heart?
    Correct answer: b. The fetus has greater pulmonary arterial pressure than the newborn.

    2. The septum primum first forms by:
    Correct answer: c. The end of the 4th week of development

    3. Which statement is TRUE about interatrial septum development?

    Correct answer: d. The foramen (ostium) primum disappears when the septum primum and endocardial cushions fuse.

    4. Where is the foramen ovale located?

    Correct answer: a. On the posterior-inferior surface of the septum secundum.

    5. What is the valve of the foramen ovale?

    Correct answer: c. The septum primum

    6. Which two structures fuse to form a solid interatrial septum?

    Correct answer: c. Septum secundum and the valve of the foramen ovale

    7. When a baby is born and takes its first breath, what changes occur to prevent further blood shunting between the atria?

    Correct answer: b. Blood in the left atrium pushes the valve of the foramen ovale against the septum secundum, functionally closing off the foramen ovale.



    Division of the Atrioventricular Canal

    1. Which pathway correctly describes blood flow through the developing heart?
    a. Truncus arteriosus -> ventricle -> atrium -> atrioventricular canal
    b. Atrium -> ventricle -> atrioventricular canal -> truncus arteriosus
    c. Atrium -> atrioventricular canal -> ventricle -> truncus arteriosus
    d. Truncus arteriosus -> ventricle -> atrioventricular canal ->atrium

    2. The superior endocardial cushion is also called the ___________ endocardial cushion.
    a. Anterior
    b. Posterior
    c. Dorsal
    d. Two of the above

    3. The inferior endocardial cushion also is called the _________ endocardial cushion.
    a. Ventral
    b. Dorsal
    c. Anterior
    d. Two of the above

    4. Which statement is TRUE about the atrioventricular canal division?
    a. Superior and ventral endocardial cushions fuse to form left and right atrioventricular canals.
    b. While the endocardial cushions grow together and fuse, the atrioventricular canal is repositioned to the left of the heart.
    c. In the prenatal heart, blood travels through the right atrioventricular opening only.
    d. None of the above

    Answer:
    1. Which pathway correctly describes blood flow through the developing heart?
    c. Atrium -> atrioventricular canal -> ventricle -> truncus arteriosus)
    2. The superior endocardial cushion is also called the _________ endocardial cushion.
    a. Anterior
    3. The inferior endocardial cushion also is called the _________ endocardial cushion.
    b. Dorsal
    4. Which statement is TRUE about the atrioventricular canal division?
    d. None of the above



    Development of Aorta, Pulmonary Trunk, and Interventricular Septum

    1. What embryonic structure is partitioned into the aorta and pulmonary trunk?
    a. Left atrioventricular opening
    b. Truncus Arteriosus
    c. Sinoatrial orifice
    d. Sinus venosus

    2. When does the muscular interventricular septum begin to form?
    a. End of 3rd week of development
    b. End of 4th week of development
    c. End of 5th week of development
    d. End of 8th week of development

    3. Which statement is TRUE about the aorticopulmonary septum?
    a. It is formed from two conotruncal ridges that fuse together
    b. it eventually closes off the interventricular septum
    c. two of the above
    d. none of the above

    4. The membranous ventricular septum is formed primarily by the:
    a. aorticopulmonary septum
    b. fused endocardial cushions
    c. tissue extensions from the muscular ventricular septum
    d. primitive ventricle

    5. Which statement is CORRECT about the aorta and pulmonary trunk?
    a. blood from the right ventricle exits via the aorta
    b. oxygenated blood flows through the pulmonary trunk which then splits into left and right pulmonary arteries
    c. the proximal part of the pulmonary trunk is located anterior to the proximal part of the aorta
    d. none of the above are correct

    Answer:
    1. What embryonic structure is partitioned into the aorta and pulmonary trunk?
    b. truncus arteriosus
    2. When does the muscular ventricular septum begin to form?
    b. End of 4th week of development
    3. Which statement is TRUE about the aorticopulmonary septum?
    c. two of the above: formed form two conotruncal ridges and closes off the interventricular foramen
    4. The membranous ventricular septum is formed primarily by the:
    a. Aorticopulmonary septum
    5. Which statement is CORRECT about the aorta and pulmonary trunk?
    c. the proximal part of the pulmonary trunk is located anterior to the proximal part of the aorta



    Fetal vs. Postnatal Circulation

    1. In the fetus, blood bypasses the liver by traveling through which vessel?
    a. hepatic portal vein
    b. ductus arteriosus
    c. ductus venosus
    d. umbilical artery

    2. Oxygenated blood travels from the placenta to the fetus through the:
    a. umbilical vein
    b. umbilical artery
    c. aorta
    d. ductus arteriosus

    3. In the fetus, oxygenated blood from the placenta first enters the___________ of the heart.
    a. left atrium
    b. left ventricle
    c. right atrium
    d. right ventricle

    4. Which embryonic structure is NOT correctly matched with its postnatal derivative?
    a. umbilical artery - medial umbilical ligament
    b. ductus venosus - ligamentum venosum
    c. ductus arteriosus - ligamentum teres
    d. foramen ovale - fossa ovalis

    5. When a baby is born and takes its first breath, the change in pulmonary pressure causes which embryonic vessel to constrict?
    a. ductus venosus
    b. umbilical vein
    c. umbilical artery
    d. ductus arteriosus

    Answer:
    1. In the fetus, blood bypasses the liver by traveling through which vessel?
    c. ductus venosus
    2. Oxygenated blood travels from the placenta to the fetus through the:
    a. umbilical vein
    3. In the fetus, oxygenated blood from the placenta first enters the___________ of the heart.
    c. right atrium
    4. Which embryonic structure is NOT correctly matched with its postnatal derivative?
    c. ductus arteriosus - ligamentum teres
    5. When a baby is born and takes its first breath, the change in pulmonary pressure causes which embryonic vessel to constrict?
    d. ductus arteriosus

    Pericardium Development

    1. The pericardium starts to form during the ________ week of development.
    a. 4th
    b. 5th
    c. 6th
    d. 7th

    2. Which statement is true about the pleuropericardial folds?
    a. they partition the thorax into a pericardial cavity and two pleural cavities
    b. 4th
    c. they fuse together by the 7th week of development
    d. two of the above

    3. What anatomic structure is located within, and migrates with, each pleuropericardial fold?
    a. lung bud
    b. phrenic nerve
    c. vagus nerve
    d. parietal pleura

    4. The pleuropericardial folds initially form and grow along a _________ plane.
    a. oblique
    b. sagittal
    c. transverse (horizontal)
    d. coronal (frontal)

    Answer:
    1. The pericardium starts to form during the _______ week of development.
    c. 5th
    2. Which statement is true about the pleuropericardial folds?
    a. they partition the thorax into a pericardial cavity and two pleural cavities
    3. What anatomic structure is located within, and migrates with, each pleuropericardial fold?
    b. phrenic nerve
    4. The pleuropericardial folds initially form and grow along a _________ plane.
    d. coronal (frontal)



    Aortic Arch Vessels

    1. The embryonic aortic arch vessels form some arteries in which of the following areas of the body?
    a. Neck
    b. Pelvis
    c. Lower limb
    d. None of the above

    2. The arch of the aorta is formed, in part, from which vessel?
    a. Left 3rd aortic arch
    b. Right 3rd aortic arch
    c. Left 4th aortic arch
    d. Right 4th aortic arch

    3. The right subclavian artery is formed from all of the following vessels EXCEPT:
    a. Right 4th aortic arch
    b. Right 6th aortic arch
    c. Right dorsal aorta
    d. 7th Segmental artery

    4. The descending thoracic aorta is formed from which structure?
    a. Right dorsal aorta
    b. Left dorsal aorta
    c. Aortic sac
    d. Two of the above

    5. Humans do not have a set of _________ aortic arch vessels?
    a. 1st
    b. 2nd
    c. 5th
    d. 6th

    Answer:
    1. The embryonic aortic arch vessels form some arteries in which of the following areas of the body?
    a. neck
    2. The arch of the aorta is formed, in part, from which vessel?
    c. Left 4th aortic arch
    3. The right subclavian artery is formed from all of the following vessels EXCEPT:
    b. Right 6th aortic arch
    4. The descending thoracic aorta is formed from which structure?
    b. Left dorsal aorta
    5. Humans do not have a set of ________ aortic arch vessels.
    c. 5th

    Download this questions and videos?
    Surf the following link.
    http://www.mediafire.com/file/zwtmgzkumhm/Cardiovascular embryology.zip


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    2 comments:

    1. nak tnye. jawapan yg diberi tok soklan ni sume confirm betul ke?

      ReplyDelete
    2. Allahu'alam.
      I just copy n paste from the indiana.edu website.

      ReplyDelete